You are here
Cyanobacteria
Cyanobacteria
EOL Text
Cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae, grow in any type of water and are photosynthetic (use sunlight to create food and support life). Cyanobacteria live in terrestrial, fresh, brackish, or marine water. They usually are too small to be seen, but sometimes can form visible colonies, called an algal bloom. Cyanobacteria have been found among the oldest fossils on earth and are one of the largest groups of bacteria. Cyanobacteria have been linked to human and animal illnesses around the world, including North and South America, Africa, Australia, Europe, Scandinavia, and China.
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/ |
Rights holder/Author | Tracy Barbaro, Tracy Barbaro |
Source | http://www.cdc.gov/nceh/hsb/hab/default.htm |
Plant / associate
gregarious apothecium of Byssonectria fusispora is associated with Cyanophyta
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | BioImages, BioImages - the Virtual Fieldguide (UK) |
Source | http://www.bioimages.org.uk/html/Cyanophyta.htm |
Cyanobacteria (Blue-green algae) is prey of:
Suidasia
Tegula funebralis
Littorina planaxis
Littorina scutulata
Acmaea digitalis
Acmaea pelta
Acmaea scabra
Cyanoplax dientens
Dynamenella glabra
Allochertes ptilocerus
Hyale
Diaulota densissima
Syllis vittata
Syllis spenceri
Paracoenia turbida
Lamproscatella dichaeta
Microcoelepis
Chironomidae
Amphipoda
Tipulidae
Austroperla cyrene
Cricotopus II
Cristaperla
Deleatidium
Hudsonema aliena
Hydora nitida
Neozephlebia scita
Lumbriculidae pink
Oligochaeta
Paracalliope fluviatalus
Paracalliope pale
Paucispinigera approximata
Polypedellum II
Zelandoperla fenestrata
Zelandotipula
Lumbriculidae blue
Polypedellum green type
Cambaridae
Deleatidium lilli
Eriopterini
Scirtidae
Orthocladiinae
Polypedellum
Oligochaeta type weak-long-short
Pycnocentrodes evecta
Cristaperla fimbriae
Isopoda
Paracalliope purple
Stictocladius
Epeorus dispar
Homoplectra
Leucrocuta
Leuctra
Promoresia
Tallaperla maria
Aeolosoma
Amphinemura wui
Stenelmis
Aoteapsyche
Aphrophila noevaezelandiae
Austroclima jollyae
Austrosimulium australense
Baraeoptera roria
Diamesid Blond
Tanytarsini
Coloburiscus humeralis
Helicopsyche albescens
Hudsonema amabilis
Oligochaeta II
Olinga feredayi
Potamopyrgus antipodarum
Pycnocentria
Zelandoperla
Zephlebia spectabilis
Orthoclad Blue Black
Orthoclad Blue Blond
Naonella
Maoridiamesea
Oniscigaster
Pycnocentrodes
Austraclima jollyae
Hydrobiosella
Eukiefferiella
Ephydrella
Aelosoma
Antocha saxicola
Baetis
Chironomini
Dicrotendipes
Gyraulus
Lumbriculidae
Metriocnemus
Simulium
Stempelinella
Lumbriculiid type I
Lumbriculiid type III
Lumbriculiid Type Skinny
Paracalliope
Aoteapsyche raruraru
Lumbriculiid type II
Acroperla
Nesameletus ornatus
Brillia
Bryophaenocladius
Cricotopus
Eukiefferiella naonella type
Hydrobia
Stempellinella
Amphipoda type purple
Zelandobius confusus
Based on studies in:
USA: California, Monterey Bay (Littoral, Rocky shore)
USA (Temporary pool)
New Zealand: Otago, Broad, Lee catchment (River)
New Zealand: Otago, Dempster's Stream, Taieri River, 3 O'Clock catchment (River)
New Zealand: Otago, Little Kye, Kye Burn catchment (River)
New Zealand: Otago, Stony, Sutton catchment (River)
New Zealand: Otago, Akatore, Akatore catchment (River)
New Zealand: Otago, Berwick, Meggatburn (River)
New Zealand: Otago, Catlins, Craggy Tor catchment (River)
New Zealand: Otago, Narrowdale catchment (River)
New Zealand: Otago, North Col, Silver catchment (River)
New Zealand: Otago, Sutton Stream, Taieri River, Sutton catchment (River)
New Zealand: Otago, Venlaw, Mimihau catchment (River)
New Zealand: Otago, Healy Stream, Taieri River, Kye Burn catchment (River)
New Zealand: Otago, Kye Burn (River)
USA: North Carolina, Coweeta (River)
USA: Maine, Troy (River)
USA: Maine, Martins (River)
This list may not be complete but is based on published studies.
- P. W. Glynn, Community composition, structure, and interrelationships in the marine intertidal Endocladia Muricata - Balanus glandula association in Monterey Bay, California, Beaufortia 12(148):1-198, from p. 133 (1965).
- Thompson, RM and Townsend CR. 2005. Energy availability, spatial heterogeneity and ecosystem size predict food-web structure in streams. OIKOS 108: 137-148.
- Townsend, CR, Thompson, RM, McIntosh, AR, Kilroy, C, Edwards, ED, Scarsbrook, MR. 1998. Disturbance, resource supply and food-web architecture in streams. Ecology Letters 1:200-209.
- Thompson, RM and Townsend, CR. 2003. Impacts on stream food webs of native and exotic forest: an intercontinental comparison. Ecology 84:145-161
- Thompson, RM and Townsend, CR. 1999. The effect of seasonal variation on the community structure and food-web attributes of two streams: implications for food-web science. Oikos 87: 75-88.
- N. C. Collins, R. Mitchell and R. G. Wiegert, 1976. Functional analysis of a thermal spring ecosystem, with an evaluation of the role of consumers. Ecology 57:1221-1232, from p. 1222.
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | Cynthia Sims Parr, Joel Sachs, SPIRE |
Source | http://spire.umbc.edu/fwc/ |
Under subkingdom Negibacteria or Gracilicutes, but this is not in the Catalogue of Life.
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 License |
Source | http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=146537 |
Microbes aggregate sediment: blue-green algae
Cyanobacteria grow large layered clumps of rock and algae, called stromatolites, by trapping sediment in mucus and filaments.
"Half dead, half alive, stromatolites represent a partnership between microorganisms and rock. The spongy coating is made of cyanobacterial filaments that secrete a sticky mucus. Grains of sediment get trapped in the mucus and stick together to form a crust of rock. As the filaments grow longer, they trap more sediment and add a new layer to the exterior. What’s left on the inside is dead zone." (Monastersky 1998:74)
Learn more about this functional adaptation.
- Monastersky R. The rise of life on earth. National Geographic. 193(3): 54-81.
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | (c) 2008-2009 The Biomimicry Institute |
Source | http://www.asknature.org/strategy/6dfde772684d9eb55676a59eb180d86f |
Depth range based on 400 specimens in 22 taxa.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 237 samples.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 0 - 150
Temperature range (°C): 8.918 - 28.856
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.000 - 7.250
Salinity (PPS): 31.500 - 35.741
Oxygen (ml/l): 4.427 - 6.523
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.048 - 0.573
Silicate (umol/l): 1.040 - 13.325
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 0 - 150
Temperature range (°C): 8.918 - 28.856
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.000 - 7.250
Salinity (PPS): 31.500 - 35.741
Oxygen (ml/l): 4.427 - 6.523
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.048 - 0.573
Silicate (umol/l): 1.040 - 13.325
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
License | http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | Ocean Biogeographic Information System |
Source | http://www.iobis.org/mapper/?taxon_id=754058 |
In Great Britain and/or Ireland:
Foodplant / parasite
Chytridium sphaerocarpum parasitises Oscillatoria
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / parasite
Rhizophydium megarhizum parasitises Oscillatoria
Foodplant / parasite
Rhizophydium subangulosum parasitises Oscillatoria
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | BioImages, BioImages - the Virtual Fieldguide (UK) |
Source | http://www.bioimages.org.uk/html/Oscillatoria.htm |
Oscillatoria (Trophic species 6) is prey of:
Sida crystallina
Leptophlebia
Crangonyx gracilis
Daphnia pulex
Daphnia rosea
Based on studies in:
USA: Wisconsin, Little Rock Lake (Lake or pond)
USA: Michigan, Tuesday Lake (Lake or pond)
This list may not be complete but is based on published studies.
- Jonsson et al. 2005. Food webs, body size, and species abundance in ecological community description. Advances in Ecological Research 36:1-78.
- Martinez ND (1991) Artifacts or attributes? Effects of resolution on the Little Rock Lake food web. Ecol Monogr 61:367392
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | Cynthia Sims Parr, Joel Sachs, SPIRE |
Source | http://spire.umbc.edu/fwc/ |
Oscillatoria is a genus of filamentous cyanobacterium which is named for the oscillation in its movement. Filaments in the colonies can slide back and forth against each other until the whole mass is reoriented to its light source. It is commonly found in watering-troughs waters, and is mainly blue-green or brown-green. Oscillatoria is an organism that reproduces by fragmentation. Oscillatoria forms long filaments of cells which can break into fragments called hormogonia. The hormogonia can grow into a new, longer filament. Breaks in the filament usually occur where dead cells (necridia) are present. Oscillatoria uses photosynthesis to survive and reproduce. Each filament of oscillatoria consists of trichome which is made up of rows of cells. The tip of the trichome oscillates like a pendulum.
Oscillatoria sp. is the subject of research into the natural production of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT),[1] an antioxidant, food additive and industrial chemical.
Oscillatoria contains the following species:[2]
- Oscillatoria amoena (Kützing) Gomont
- Oscillatoria anguiformis (P. González Guerrero) Anagnostidis
- Oscillatoria anguina Bory ex Gomont
- Oscillatoria annae van Goor
- Oscillatoria bonnemaisonii (P. L. Crouan & H. M. Crouan) P. L. Crouan & H. M. Crouan ex Gomont
- Ocillatoria chalybea
- Oscillatoria chilkensis Biswas
- Oscillatoria crassa (Rao) Anagnostidis
- Oscillatoria croasdaleae Kamat
- Oscillatoria curviceps C. Agardh ex Gomont
- Oscillatoria depauperata (Copeland) Anagnostidis
- Oscillatoria engelmanniana Gaidukov
- Oscillatoria euboeica Anagnostidis
- Oscillatoria fischeri Corda ex Forti
- Oscillatoria fracta Carlson
- Oscillatoria froelichii Kützing ex Gomont
- Oscillatoria funiformis (Vouk) Komárek
- Oscillatoria indica P. C. Silva
- Oscillatoria jenensis G. Schmid
- Oscillatoria levis (Gardner) Anagnostidis
- Oscillatoria limosa C. Agardh ex Gomont
- Oscillatoria mahabaleshwarensis Kamat
- Oscillatoria major Vaucher ex Hansgirg
- Oscillatoria margaritifera Kützing ex Gomont
- Oscillatoria miniata (Zanardini) Hauck ex Gomont
- Oscillatoria minutissima P. González
- Oscillatoria muralis (Dillwyn) C. Agardh
- Oscillatoria nitida Schkorbatov
- Oscillatoria nylstromica Claassen
- Oscillatoria obscura Brühl & Biswas
- Oscillatoria olivaceobrunnea L. Hoffmann & V. Demoulin
- Oscillatoria princeps Vaucher ex Gomont
- Oscillatoria proboscidea Gomont
- Oscillatoria pulchra Lindstedt
- Oscillatoria rhamphoidea Anagnostidis
- Oscillatoria ribeyi F. E. Drouet
- Oscillatoria sancta Kützing ex Gomont
- Oscillatoria subbrevis Schmidle
- Oscillatoria subcapitata Ponomarev
- Oscillatoria tapetiformis Zenker ex Gomont
- Oscillatoria tenioides (Bory de Saint-Vincent) Bory de Saint-Vincent ex Gomont
- Oscillatoria trichoides Szafer
- Oscillatoria versicolor G. Martens ex Prain
References[edit]
- ^ Babu B, Wu JT (December 2008). "Production of Natural Butylated Hydroxytoluene as an Antioxidant by Freshwater Phytoplankton". Journal of Phycology 44 (6): 1447–1454. doi:10.1111/j.1529-8817.2008.00596.x.
- ^ M. D. Guiry. "Oscillatoria Vaucher ex Gomont, 1892: 198". AlgaeBase. Retrieved March 8, 2011.
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | Wikipedia |
Source | http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oscillatoria&oldid=641494864 |